The temperature of a planet is determined by a balance between: Average molecular speed depends on _ and _ Molecules with V > V-esc can theoretically escape: molecules have range of speed, not just one set speed. New planets formed _ by sweeping up gas-mainly hydrogen and helium- in the accretion disk.Īll terrestrial bodies lost their primary atmospheres because of _. The state of an atmosphere averaged over an extended time The state of an atmosphere at any given time and place Seasonal changes affect _ more on Mars than on Earth The surface of _ is cold and the air is thin With its massive carbon dioxide atmosphere, _ is a "poster child" for the greenhouse effect _, together with the _, causes east-west zonal winds The rotation of a weather system resulting from the Coriolis Effect as air moves outward from a region of high atmospheric pressure The rotation of a weather system resulting from the Coriolis Effect as air moves toward a region of low atmospheric pressure
The overall planet-wide circulation pattern of a planets atmosphere The planet-wide circulation of air that moves in directions parallel to the Earth's equator On a rotating planet, different latitudes rotating at different speeds cause this effect The apparent displacement of objects in a direction perpendicular to their true motion as viewed from a rotating frame of reference. The region surrounding a planet that is filled with relatively intense magnetic fields and plasmasĮmissions in the upper atmosphere of a planet from atoms that have been excited by collisions with energetic particles from the planet's magnetosphereĮarth's magnetic field traps _ from the sunĪ simplified and therefore uncommon, atmospheric global circulation that carries thermal energy directly from the equator to the polar regions of a planet. The stream of charged particles emitted by the sun that flows at high speeds through interplanetary spaceĪ gas that is composed largely of charged particles that also may include some neutral atomsĪ layer high in Earth's atmosphere in which most of the atoms are ionized by solar radiation Near its top, at an altitude of 600 km, the temp can reach 1000 k The layer of Earth's atmosphere at altitudes greater then 90 km, above the mesosphere.
The layer of Earth's atmosphere immediately above the tratosphere, extending from an altitude of 50 km to about 90 km On earth it extends upward to an altidtude of 50 km The atmospheric layer immediately above the troposphere. On Earth, the atmosphere region closest to the ground within which most weather phenomena take place The convection-dominated layer of a planet's atmosphere. Scientists ofetn use the bar as a unit of pressure equal to the average atmospheric pressure at sea level on Earth. The fraction of light on a surface that is reflected by the surface One of a group of atmospheric gases such as carbon dioxide that are transparent to visible radiation but absorb infrared radiation The solar heating of air in an enclosed space, such as closed building or car, resulting primarily from the inability of the hot air to escape. Stronger _ caused_ to retain its atmosphere more effectively then _Ī warming of planetary surfaces produced by atmospheric gases that transmit optical solar radiation that partially trap infrared radiation Among the 5 terrestrial bodies we discussed (MVEM & moon), only _ and _ have dense atmospheresĪn atmosphere, composed mainly of hydrogen and helium, that forms at the same time as its host planetĪn atmosphere that formed-as a result of volcanism, comet impacts, or accretion-sometimes after its host planet formed
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